Case Client Child

A.    Personal Data Summary

The client child is Aldrilan Defensor. He is a 6 years old boy.  He was born at  #2904 king solomon street, area C Camarin, Caloocan City on March 18, 2004. He is a Filipino citizen. Her religion is Roman Catholic. Her father is Mr. Chito Defensor. Her mother is Mrs. Yolly Defensor. He has 5 sibling  named Mae, Lyn, rose, Mel, Monay,  The client child is the sixth child in the family or the youngest .He is studying at Camarin DElementary School, 6:00am-10:00am every Monday to Friday.

B.     Joining Process

When I was with my client child I just let him play with his older sister so that he will not be shy on me.  And after they play i gave him food, i just want to make him feel comfortable with me.  I ask him some questions about him and at first he is very shy, but then  after he is very active in answering my questions with the help of his older sister. We have a good communication to each other and  he treats me as a his older sister too and i always smile on him to feel that i'm his friend not her opponent.

C.    Presenting Problem

According to Mrs. Defensor, the mother of my client, she says that her son is selfish , naughty , very rambunctious and always saying bad words to other sisters and brothers. She said that my client child is always saying bad word to her sister that's why they are always quarrel even though  he is smaller that her sister. She also said that aldrilan is always bossy to his sister and brother.  he wants his needs and wants to be obey by all the person who surrounds him.

According to Ms. Gabasan, the teacher of the child, he is very talkative and naughty inside the classroom. Some of his classmates (erol. hany) says that he is one of the student who always called by their teacher because he is very noisy.

D.    Psychosocial History

D.1. Timeline

 D.2
 genogram

 D.3 SOCIOGRAM
D.3.1  Home Setting
               "Three person he wants to be friends forever and he wants to play with"

D.3.2  School Setting
           "Three names of his classmates that he wants to play and he wants to give her baon"

 D.4 Personality Dynamics

         The client child is good in participating in their lessons in school but he cannot quiet for awhile that's why the teacher always call his attention. He can do simple things by himself without the help of other people. He is talkative but he can communicate well and can easily cope up with every lesson.


D.5. Personality Dynamics for Relationship

       The client child has a self-confidence on himself. His parents was very supportive on him because he is the youngest sibling. The relationship with her older sister is not that good because they were always quarreling but sometimes when he needs help they have the help with her older sister. He always want to play  outside in their house to play to other children. His attitude of being talkative and naughty makes him to have more friends, but sometimes other children don't like him because if his decision or command to other playmates will not be followed by them he will get angry to them. In their school, teachers said that she is active in their class but sometimes it makes the class destruct by his being a rambunctious .


D.6. Personality Dynamics for Action

      The client child is also very active in doing things in their school and home but sometimes he becomes lazy, he always start his day with play. When his mothers order him to go to store and buy him some food he don't want to follow his mother but when he is with his sister he follows it. He is also good in following instructions of his techer and do his school activities well.


E. Theoretical Framework

 
The theoretical Framework want to shows what are the factors why the child have different improper attitudes.  It also explain the history of the child, why he misbehave improperly.  What are the cause and effect of every factors in the client child.
     The first Factor is as an individual.  Aldrilan is the youngest among the six children so we must expect that he is not always being punished by his parents.  Its always the older one, either the sister or the brother because they are the one who is responsible to their siblings.  The second factor is his environment, we all know that one of the big factor is the environment where he is in or surrounds.  In the environment the child can learn everything trough imitation to different people like his playmates, adult and parents.  The client Child may learn his misbehavior to other especially to his playmates who do not attend school.  The third factor is his past experience, we must expect that the youngest in the family most commonly spoiled by the parents especially the father if the youngest in the family is boy.  The last factor is his family.  Family is the beginning of all the basic learning and other behavior that can be learned, the attitudes as well as the development of his intelligences.  Before the child attend formal education the parent is their first teacher, so what the child have learned to his family may reflects to the everyday life of a child.  Imitation is one of the factor that we need to consider, whether your doing good or bad the child will imitate you.  We all know that child learns trough imitation so we need to be careful as an adult especially to our words all the time.  And we also need to remember that the child is a blank slate, what we acquired to them they remember especially when they are in ECED age.
   I rely to the Theory of Albert Bandura the Social cognitive theory.  This is a learning theory based on the ideas that people learn by watching what others do and that human thought processes are central to understanding personality. While social cognitists agree that there is a fair amount of influence on development generated by learned behavior displayed in the environment in which one grows up, they believe that the individual person (and therefore cognition) is just as important in determining moral development.
People learn by observing others, with the environment, behavior, and cognition all as the chief factors in influencing development. These three factors are not static or independent; rather, they are all reciprocal. For example, each behavior witnessed can change a person's way of thinking (cognition). Similarly, the environment one is raised in may influence later behaviors, just as a father's mindset (also cognition) will determine the environment in which his children are raised^.
 

F.Prognosis

     Based on the data that i have gathered, i conclude that my client child who is Aldrilan has a problem about social interaction and proper discipline of the parents.  I think that parents should treat their children fairly without bias.  In case of Aldrilan, he is the youngest, so all the wants of the child are forgiven by the parents.  In this situation the misbehavior of the child develops.  The client child has been trained by the parents that whatever the child wants are granted or may i say a needs to be granted.  That is why the child have the kind of being a "BOSSY" in the family.  Its like that aldrilan set in his mind that he is the boss in the family.  As i realized to my observation to the child, we do not have to blame the child in his habit, its the environment where he lives.


G.Therapeutic Plan

           G.1 Knowledge Building
           At the end of my case study, the client child must be able to build knowledge about.
        1.   Identifying the importance of his family in his life.
        2.   knowing the importance of listening to parents and other older siblings.
        3.   Showing love to other people.

          G.2 skills Building
          At the end of my case study, the client child must be able to build skills about.

1.     Communication skills in terms of openness with aldrilan siblings and parents and classmates.

2.   Good  Relationship-building skills to his parents, siblings and classmates.

3.   Proper Words to be say to his classmates, parents and siblings. 

     G.3 Attitude Building

At the end of my case study the child must be able to build attitude about:

1.   Respect to parent, siblings and classmates

2.   Self-discipline 

H.Therapeutic Intervention

Objectives	Activities	Schedules
Knowledge Building *Identifying the importance of his family in his life * knowing the importance of listening to parents and other older siblings. *Showing love to other people.	*Story Telling (Reading a story about the importance of family and their roles.) *reading the Story Fatima and the Snake   *Draw or Cut pictures that show the right way of showing your respect and love to your family and friends.	*March 3,2011 (Thursday.) 11am-12pm *March 4,2011 (Friday.) 11am-1pm *March 5,2011 (Sat.) 1pm-2pm
Skills Building * Good  Relationship-building skills *Communication Skills *proper word Skills	*Playing “tagu taguan” with his friends  *Role Playing with his friends. (the play is all about how children communicate or talk to her parents/guardian and peers)  *reciting the good and proper saying of the words without saying bad words  Ex; saying po at opo, Sorry. thank you	*March 7,2011 (Mon.) 10am-11am *March 9,2011 (Wed.) 10am-12nn *March 10,2011 (Thur.) 12nn-1pm
Attitude Building *Respect *Self-discipline	*Draw or Write things that we need to do to show our respect for others. *Reading a story entitled "the ant and the grasshopper"	*March 12,2011 (Sat.) 1pm-2pm *March 13, 2011 (Sun.) 2pm-3pm

 

I.Therapeutic Progress

                  

Activities	Schedules	Progress
*Story Telling (Reading a story about the importance of family and their roles.) *Story telling (reading the Story Fatima and the Snake) *Draw or Cut pictures that show the right way of showing your respect and love to your family and friends.	*March 3,2011 (Thursday.) 11am-12pm *March 4,2011 (Friday.) 11am-1pm *March 5,2011 (Sat.) 1pm-2pm	*The story that I have red results a good effect to my client. It helps my client to understand the importance of each family member and why certain family members have the role or function in their family   *the Story that i have red to my client enlightened him that listening to adults or to the parent is important, because they just want us to be safe end to be a good and kind child. *my client child is happy when he draw a child who helps an older woman crossing the street.  He realize that more people will love you if you will treat them good.
*Playing “tagu taguan” with his friends  *Role Playing with his friends. (the play is all about how children communicate or talk to her parents/guardian and peers) *reciting the good and proper saying of the words without saying bad words  Ex; saying po at opo, Sorry. thank you	*March 7,2011 (Mon.) 10am-11am *March 9,2011 (Wed.) 10am-12nn *March 10,2011 (Thur.) 12nn-1pm	*My client realizes that if you have many friends you will be happier. i make him realized that friends can be a big help in his life. *My client’s communication Skills improved because of the activity. It helps my client to talk in a good and right way without using any bad words. **My client realize that saying different respectful words is much better than saying bad words.  He is happy because his sister give him a chocolate every time he say good words.
*Draw or Write things that we need to do to show our respect for others. *Reading a story entitled "the ant and the grasshopper"	*March 12,2011 (Sat.) 1pm-2pm *March 13, 2011 (Sun.) 2pm-3pm	*It gives my client the idea on how to respect elders and other people. I make my client realize that showing respect will make god happy. *Reading a story about the ant and the grasshopper make my client child realize that self discipline is important.   like the grasshopper, if the grasshopper have self discipline to himself , he will saved food before rain comes.

 

  J. Therapeutic Results

     The result of my therapeutic plans to my client child result good.  I see that the child really upgrade and develop when it comes to the attitude.  As i ask the parent of the child, According to Mrs. Defensor his child change his attitude in dealing with his siblings.  aldrilan is a kind child he just need a time to realize that his doings are not appropriate or not necessary to do to the child like him.

K: Summary, Conclusion and  Recommendation 


     Summary

          This case about a child named Aldrilan is very great.  I realized that at early age the child can now learn to say bad words, hurt others and feel bossy, its because of imitation and a lack of proper guidance of the family.  They have six members in the family, so we do not tell if all those six children are being guided by their parents.  As an adult , a future educator and a future parent i may now have a background what are some attitudes of a child nowadays.  In my Future field i am now informed and have certain backgrounds what certain teaching style will i apply to make my student a better student and a good samaritan someday.  This study help me how will i deal to different children with different behavior.


     Conclusion

         I therefore conclude that my client child can change his attitudes if there is some one who will make him realize that his making bad things.  And i realized that the guidance of the parent is very important in developing the behavior of a child.

     Recommendation


       I recommend to the parent of Aldrilan that they need to give attention to their child.  Discipline and Punishment is important to their child to make their child  a better one.  And i recommend also to the parent that the child needs to have an everyday 5mins." teaching  home" about respecting other people.


L. Implications to Education and Assessment of Young Children. 

       In conducting my case study i have learned so much about appropriate style to use in a child that has certain misbehavior problems.  I now have a background on how to deal to different people with different behavior, how you will get their attention and their heart within.  Now i am ready to face the continuos changing world.

eced 13 summary

RATIONAL-EMOTIVE AND OTHER COGNITIVE THEORIES

BIOGRAPHY

     Ellis (1913) grew up in New York City, where as young adolescent he dreamed of becoming a novelist.  In 1934, he graduated from city college of New York with a BA administration.  In his spare time, Ellis wrote fiction, but his literary efforts did not payoff.  After eight of his novels were rejected by publishers.  Ellis decided to study psychology and eventually earned his PH.D in clinical psychology from Columbia University.  Ellis began a practicing psychoanalysis but eventually became more active and directive with his parents, gradually developing his own approach to therapy.

HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT

     The origin of the therapy can be traced to the philosophy of stoicism in ancient Greece, which distinguished an act from its interpretation.  According o stoics, “we are not so much disturbed by what happen to us, as by how we interpret what happen to us.  The approach more recently stems from COGNITIVE LEARNING THEORY.  Despite Ellis original training and practice of psychoanalysis, he remained dissatisfied with this approach and hypothesized that his patient’s behaviors were influenced by their attitude and perceptions.  This hypothesis motivated Ellis to work diligently toward a rational approach to psychotherapy.

VIEW OF HUMAN NATURE

     Ellis bonds that human nature has the potential to control much of the pleasure and pain that seemingly results from life’s circumstances.  According to Ellis, the human psyche is intricately entwined with thoughts and feelings.  Ellis view of human nature can be summarized in his formulation of the ABC theory, which suggests that people come to therapy because of a disturbing consequence _(c), which is attributed to an activating event. (A), as if there were a casual relationship.  According to Ellis however, people are not disturbed by events themselves, but by the (B) belief they hold about those events.

DEVELOPMENT OF MALADAPTIVE BEHAVIOR

     Because human are self conscious creatures, they observe their disturbance and then make themselves disturbed all over again about being disturbed.  Maladaptive behavior, therefore, results from a number of illogical ideas Example: that being loved and approved by everyone is necessary for happiness.) that are held and perpetuated until a new way of thinking is learned.  These illogical ideas result in feelings of worthlessness, depression, rage, anxiety, mania, or self pity.  Although we are born with potential to be rational, we become illogical because of distortions during childhood and contemporary reinforcement of these distortions.

GOALS OF THERAPY

     The ultimate goal of the rational-emotive therapy is to reach clients to analyze and correct distortions of reality.  It aims to help clients to separate their rational from irrational beliefs.  Then the identified irrational beliefs are challenged; that is, the client is brought to a point of disputing irrational emotional beliefs.  Rational-emotive therapy aims to eliminate the irrational beliefs and substitute them with a new, more rational philosophy.  If this disputation is effective, it will be apparent in the diminished emotional distress, and it will result in clients assuming more responsibility for their own lives.

 FUNCTION OF THE THERAPIST

     In rational-emotive therapy the therapist is unequivocally verbal and directive, intentionally attempting to lead the patient to a healthier perspective.  By using persuasion and debate to attack self-defeating patterns, the therapist work as quickly as possible to help clients to face each of their illogical thinking.  Explorational thinking.  The process for the rational-emotive therapist, then, centers on showing clients how and when they are irrational.

MAJOR METHODS AND TECHNIQUES

     Rational-emotive therapy consists of three general phases.  In the cognitive phase the therapist presents the rationale for the therapy to the clients.  The emotive phase is devoted to helping clients become aware of their thoughts.  During the behavioristic phase clients are trained to verbalize alternative cognitions and to change their behavior, during each of these phases, techniques such as disputations, countering, and action homework may be used.

APPLICATION

      A transcript cannot completely capture the role that Ellis personality plays in how he applies rational emotive therapy, but the case of a 26-year old male commercial artist who is homophobic portrays a dramatic momentum.  In this case, Ellis quickly taps into the clients’ irrational, illogical thinking and trough disputation quickly attempts to dismantle it.  After eight sessions, the clients’ obsession is relieved.

OTHER COGNITIVELY BASED THEORIES

     Rational-emotive therapy is the most widely known cognitive approach; it is not the only one.  Aaron beck also developed a highly effective cognitive theory based on the rationale that the way people feel and behave is determined by how they structure their experience.  Emphasizing dysfunctional thinking, he tries to help clients to become more realistic in their interpretations of events by projecting less often.  Donald Meichenbaum has inaugurated a cognitive behavioral approach, which emphasizes that clients need to become aware of how they think, feel and behave in order to interrupt the scripted nature of their behavior in various situations.

CRITICAL ANALYSIS

     The cognitive approach to therapy is a proven short-term strategy for preventing clients from seriously passing judgments on themselves based on some inconsequential aspect of their behavior.  But it has been criticized by simplifying the complexity of human experience and for trying to implement a truly value approach to therapy.  Concerning multicultural counseling the cognitive approach is capable of transcending many cultural barriers but runs the risk of misconstruing as irrational the values of ethnic minority clients that are related to their particular world views.

CURRENT STATUS

     In recent years rational-emotive therapy and other cognitive approaches have come to enjoy wide acceptance.  Much of their following and support can be attributed to the empirical evidence that undergirds their efforts.  Also, Elis ‘two nonprofit institutes, with headquarters in New York City, promote rational-emotive in many areas.  Thousands of practitioners subscribe to a form of cognitive therapy today, making it one of the most popular modes of psychotherapy.

Gementiza, Mae Lannie M.

Sadicon Harlyn

BEED 3-A